Seminario di Fenomenologia delle Particelle Elementari
Dr. Francesco di Bello (University of Geneva)
Hunting the Higgs boson at high energy using the ATLAS detector at the LHC
With the discovery of the Higgs boson in 2012, an extensive physics program has been carried out by the ATLAS experiment to characterize its properties. Among them, one of the most important is the coupling between the Higgs boson and the fermion, known as Yukawa coupling. Of particular interest is the coupling with the b-quark, the heaviest lepton accessible in the direct decay of the Higgs boson and therefore the one with highest branching ratio. Due to the overwhelming QCD background, an inclusive search for H->bbar has tought to be impossible. However, with the development of theoretical and experimental techniques for boosted object, it was possible to find a strategy to probe the Higgs boson at high transverse momentum. During the seminar, I will discuss an inclusive search for the standard model Higgs boson produced with high transverse momentum decaying to a bottom-antibottom quark pair using a data-set of pp collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV collected with the ATLAS experiment at the LHC. The data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 80.5 fb−1. This is the first time the analysis is ever been performed within the ATLAS experiment. The analysis also provided a measurement of W/Z+jets processes in boosted regime with b-quarks final states observed at a significance of 5 standard deviation. A small excess, compatible at 1.6 sigma with the background-only hypothesis, is observed at 125 GeV. In addition, exclusions limits for dark matter resonant model are placed. The seminar will give an overview of the analysis along with its future
Seminario di Fenomenologia delle Particelle Elementari
Dr. Francesco Giuli (Roma Due)
Fits to the final combined HERA deep-inelastic scattering cross-section data within the conventional DGLAP framework of QCD have shown some tension at low-x and low-Q2. A resolution of this tension incorporating ln(1/x)-resummation into the HERAPDF fits is investigated using the xFitter program. Such resummation not only gives a better description of the data, but it also results in a gluon PDF which is steeply rising at low x for low scales, contrary to the fixed-order result. Then, a new parametrization for PDFs designed to be flexible in the small-x region has been studied and new fits to HERA data have been performed. The new parametrization leads to a better fit quality, both at fixed order and at resummed level, and thus removes a signficant bias present in the previously used parametrizations. The benefits of including small-x resummation remains signficant also with the new more flexible parametrization, thus giving more robustness to the previous results.
martedì 7 maggio 2019
Ore 13:45, aula A500
Seminario di Fenomenologia delle Particelle Elementari
Dr. Yvonne Peters (University of Manchester)
The heaviest known elementary particle, the top quark, provides an interesting area of research. Its high mass and short lifetime make it to be of special interest in the hunt for physics beyond the standard model. In my talk I will present a potpourri of recent analyses in the top sector, using LHC proton-proton collision data at 13TeV centre-of-mass energy, recorded with the ATLAS detector. The presented analyses are a new result on top quark spin correlations, a study of QCD colour-flow in top events, and the connection of the top to the Higgs boson.
M. Fedkevych, University of Münster, the KATRIN collaboration
The KArlsruhe TRItium Neutrino experiment (KATRIN) is a direct low-background measurement of the neutrino
mass from the kinematics of tritium -decay with an intended sensitivity of 0.2 eV=c2 (90 % C.L.). It uses
a tandem of two electrostatic spectrometers of MAC-E filter type, called pre- and main spectrometers, to analyze
energies of -electrons generated in WGTS (windowless gaseous tritium source). To achieve the sensitivity
goal, background minimization, as well as accurate energy calibration, monitoring and precise determination of
transmission function of the main spectrometer are required.
After an introduction of the current status of the KATRIN experiment I will present two topics of my own
work in more details.
In the first part of my talk, I will report about elimination of one of the important background sources, the
inter-spectrometer Penning trap. The trap is created by the negative retarding potentials of the spectrometers
combined with the magnetic field produced by a common superconducting magnet. Even at the ultra-high
vacuum conditions of KATRIN electrons may get trapped in this Penning trap creating additional background.
They could even produce discharges which may interrupt the data-taking process and damage parts of the
spectrometer and detector section of KATRIN. As a countermeasure, electron catchers were implemented in the
beamline part between the two spectrometers to remove trapped electrons. The system was tested at various
pressure conditions and showed its effectiveness for suppression of the Penning trap effects. In this talk I will
explain details of the measurements and experimental results.
In the second part, I will present the Condensed Krypton calibration Source (CKrS) developed in Münster,
one of the several calibration sources used in KATRIN, which utilizes the nearly monoenergetic conversion
electrons from cryo-adsorbed 83mKr. The CKrS can be used for frequent measurements due to its relative
simplicity; moreover, as a point-like source it allows for per-pixel calibration of KATRIN focal plane detector
(FPD), with comparatively high rates. The cleanliness of the substrate together with quality of frozen radioactive
films being crucial for the stability and reproducibility of the conversion electron spectrum are monitored by
means of laser ellipsometry. The CKrS was installed in 2017 at the KATRIN cryogenic pumping section (CPS).
Here, I will present the characterization measurements with the CKrS at different vacuum conditions (before
and after bake-out of the system) and will discuss analysis and interpretation of the stability, spectroscopy and
ellipsometry data with different krypton films.
Dr. Sergei Gninenko (CERN)
What makes up most of the Universe mass? – is the central question of modern science. A possible answer to this question is: It is thermal dark matter (DM) with mass below the electroweak scale, m_DM << 100 GeV. The NA64 experiment is a fixed-target experiment designed to search for light dark matter and sub-GeV New Physics in missing energy events from high-energy electron, muon and hadron interactions in an active target at the CERN SPS. In this talk, I will discuss the motivation for light dark matter, describe in details the NA64 concept and performance. I will also present the latest NA64 results and discuss projections of the expected sensitivities
from running after LHC long shutdown 2 and beyond.
Seminario di Fenomenologia
Prof. Wouter Waalewijn (University of Amsterdam)
I will discuss (i) my recent calculation of the jet shape, which describes the angular distribution of energy in a jet, comparing to data from the Large Hadron Collider (ii) a new method I proposed to extract the transverse momentum distribution of quarks and gluons in the proton, using jets in semi-inclusive deep-inelastic scattering (iii) the resummation of multiple logarithms, considering the simultaneous measurement of beam thrust and the transverse momentum of the Z boson in the Drell-Yan process as a concrete example.
seminario di fisica teorica
Peter Millington (University of Nottingham)
The effective action is a powerful tool for studying the non-perturbative behaviour of quantum field theories. In this talk, we will revisit the derivation of the so-called two-particle-irreducible effective action, paying particular attention to the role of the sources that appear in its definition. Working in the context of zero-dimensional quantum field theory, we will be able to accompany this derivation with a graphical and pedagogical exposition of the behaviour of the effective action, and its various ingredients. With this intuitive understanding, we will then be able to show that we have much greater control over the effective action than has perhaps previously been realised, and we will be able to use the sources to map between different realisations of the effective action and to preserve symmetry properties in its truncations. Finally, by associating the two-point source of the effective action with the regulator of the renormalisation group evolution, we will arrive at an exact flow equation that differs fundamentally from the well-known Wetterich-Morris-Ellwanger equation. We will conclude by commenting on the potential implications of our results and highlighting possible future directions.
Seminario di Fisica Teorica
Phases of 3d gauge theories (Riccardo Argurio Univ. Bruxelles)
We will consider gauge theories in 3d with fermionic matter and explore their low-energy phases as some parameters are varied, such as masses for the matter fields and the Chern-Simons level of the gauge group. We will discuss when the transitions between the various phases are first or second order, or go beyond the Landau-Ginzburg paradigm. We will
employ a variety of approaches: consistency conditions based on symmetries, a dual picture involving bosonization, large N limits and holography.
Seminario di Fisica Teorica
Dr. Francesco Bigazzi (INFN Firenze)
A holographic model of QCD axion is presented. It describes a
composite axion in the KSVZ class. Having a gravity dual, based on the
Witten-Sakai-Sugimoto model, it is calculable in the strongly coupled
regime and its UV completion is under control. Its basic properties are
derived, including the low energy Lagrangian, from which the axion
couplings to nucleons can be derived. Basic features in the deconfined
phase are studied as well. In particular, the temperature dependence of
the axion mass is extracted from the topological susceptibility.
Seminario di Fenomenologia
Dr. Oleh Fedkevych (Università di Genova & INFN Genova)
In spite of the recent progress in both theoretical and experimental studies of QCD, many aspects of multiple parton interactions (MPI) still require a detail investigation. In particular, double parton scattering (DPS) processes can play a dominant role for some specific kinematic regions of multi-jet production, especially in proton-nucleus (pA) collisions where the total DPS cross section is approximately ∌3A times bigger than the corresponding total DPS cross section in proton-proton (pp) collisions.
In this talk, I will provide a general overview of the state-of-the-art of the “first principles” and Monte Carlo description of DPS (MPI) processes
with a special emphasize on the four-jet DPS production in pp and pA collisions and
different approaches to model double parton distribution functions.